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EAN 2025 | The relationship between NPH and neurodegenerative diseases

Anastasia Bougea, PhD, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece, discusses the relationship between neurodegenerative diseases and normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH). Dr Bougea emphasizes the importance of cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers to diagnose NPH, and highlights the need for further studies to monitor the evolution of the disease and improve therapeutic outcomes. This interview took place at the 11th Congress of the European Academy of Neurology (EAN 2025) in Helsinki, Finland.

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Transcript

Given the prevalence of neurodegenerative comorbidities, it might be difficult to diagnose normal pressure hydrocephalus and predict how well these individuals would respond to therapy. Along with clinical and radiological symptoms typical of the illness, a thorough examination of cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers would be very helpful in the clinical practice. The findings on potential applicability of amyloid, NFL, tau proteins should be considered individually in my talk for patients with a suspicion of normal pressure hydrocephalus...

Given the prevalence of neurodegenerative comorbidities, it might be difficult to diagnose normal pressure hydrocephalus and predict how well these individuals would respond to therapy. Along with clinical and radiological symptoms typical of the illness, a thorough examination of cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers would be very helpful in the clinical practice. The findings on potential applicability of amyloid, NFL, tau proteins should be considered individually in my talk for patients with a suspicion of normal pressure hydrocephalus. When compared to normal pressure hydrocephalus, the comorbidities often have comparable levels of biomarkers in the CSF. For example, Alzheimer’s disease, which is the most frequent comorbidity in normal pressure hydrocephalus. The majority of studies reporting results on spinal tap tests, which may be easily performed and widely accepted to prove the diagnosis of normal pressure hydrocephalus. However, a negative tap test does not completely rule out the diagnosis of normal pressure hydrocephalus. Even though current clinical practice does not use laboratory results for this diagnosis, more studies should be made in the future to monitor the evolution of normal pressure hydrocephalus and enhance the therapeutic results and prognosis for individuals with this potentially reversible type of dementia. In addition, I will provide pertinent data in summarizing current ideas on the subjects for this disease. The future in this series is holding artificial intelligence medicine. We have to say that nowadays the artificial intelligence models are a breakthrough for biomarkers statistical analysis and it will give us the specific signature, biochemical signature for every individual patient so that it’s going to open the way for personalized medicine for those patients with this neurodegenerative disease.

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