Ivan Rektor, MD, CSc, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic, discusses hippocampal volume changes and white matter lesions observed in the brains of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients. In brain MRI scans of AD patients, hippocampus atrophy is evident, unlike in PD, where hippocampal volume changes are not well known; however, recent studies have shown volume reductions in the hippocampus of PD patients. Other studies are comparing white matter lesions in both diseases. White matter lesions can influence memory impairment in PD, and findings suggest that the periventricular lesions are linked to cognitive issues in PD. In contrast, subcortical white matter lesions are related to cognitive problems in AD. This interview took place at the AD/PD™ 2022 Conference in Barcelona, Spain.