EAN 2026 | Evidence, treatment experience, and emerging advances of subcutaneous apomorphine infusion in PD
Francesca Morgante, MD, PhD, St George’s University of London, London, United Kingdom, discusses the current evidence supporting the use of subcutaneous apomorphine infusion for the treatment of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Prof. Morgante highlights favorable safety and efficacy outcomes from the TOLEDO trial (NCT02006121), noting that apomorphine infusion not only improves daytime mobility but also relieves nighttime symptoms. This interview took place at the 12th Congress of the European Academy of Neurology (EAN) in Geneva, Switzerland.
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Transcript
Subcutaneous apomorphine for Parkinson’s has a long history. It is indeed one of the first device-aided therapies introduced to treat Parkinson’s disease with wearing off and dyskinesia. Apomorphine infusion is delivered subcutaneously by means of a small pump and the evidence comes from several open-label studies and finally from a large randomized control trial, the TOLEDO trial, that was led by Professor Regina Katzenschlager...
Subcutaneous apomorphine for Parkinson’s has a long history. It is indeed one of the first device-aided therapies introduced to treat Parkinson’s disease with wearing off and dyskinesia. Apomorphine infusion is delivered subcutaneously by means of a small pump and the evidence comes from several open-label studies and finally from a large randomized control trial, the TOLEDO trial, that was led by Professor Regina Katzenschlager. This randomized control trial has demonstrated a prolonged duration of the ON period with apomorphine infusion without bothersome dyskinesia. Apomorphine infusion is able to extend the time with good mobility in people with Parkinson’s not only during the daytime but more recently there are a couple of studies that demonstrated that using apomorphine also during the night might provide also relief on night symptoms in Parkinson’s disease. The efficacy of apomorphine infusion comes with a very good safety profile. A common side effect includes skin reaction. This can be managed easily with good hygiene and using filtered needles and more rarely people that are treated with apomorphine subcutaneous infusion they might have nausea or sleepiness. So it’s overall a good safety profile.
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